V. Lifschitz, ed., Formalizing Common Sense: Papers by John McCarthy

نویسنده

  • Varol Akman
چکیده

“Language has never been accessible to me in the way that it was for Sachs. I’m shut off from my own thoughts, trapped in a no-man’s_land between feeling and articulation, and no matter how hard I try to express myself, I can rarely come up with more than a confused stammer. Sachs never had any of these difficulties. Words and things matched up for him, whereas for me they are constantly breaking apart, flying off in a hundred different directions. I spend most of my time picking up the pieces and gluing them back together, but Sachs never had to stumble around like that, hunting through garbage dumps and trash bins, wondering if he hadn’t fit the wrong pieces next to each other. His uncertainties were of a different order, but no matter how hard life became for him in other ways, words were never his problem.”

برای دانلود رایگان متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

منابع مشابه

Computing Circumscription

Circumscription is a transformation of predicate formulas proposed by John McCarthy for the purpose of formalizing non-monotonic aspects of commonsense reasoning. Circumscription is difficult to implement because its definition involves a second-order quantifier. This paper presents metamathematical results that allow us in some cases to replace circumscription by an equivalent first-order form...

متن کامل

Applications of Circumscription to Formalizing Common Sense Knowledge

We present a new and more symmetric version of the circumscription method of nonmonotonic reasoning first described in (McCarthy 1980) and some applications to formalizing common sense knowledge. The applications in this paper are mostly based on minimizing the abnormality of different aspects of various entities. Included are nonmonotonic treatments of is-a hierarchies, the unique names hypoth...

متن کامل

Defeasible Specifications in Action Theories

Recent research in formalizing effects of actions on a world in the presence of constraints have mostly concentrated on non-defeasible specifications , where the effect of actions and constraints are strictly specified. In this paper we show how to incorporate defeasibility into the specifications. In our approach we consider extensions of the high level language A of Gel-fond and Lifschitz and...

متن کامل

Overcoming Unexpected Obstacles

The present note illustrates how logical formalizations of common sense knowledge and reasoning can achieve some of the open-endedness of human common sense reasoning. A plan is made to fly from Glasgow to Moscow and is shown by circumscription to lead to the traveller arriving in Moscow. Then a fact about an unexpected obstacle— the traveller losing his ticket—is added without changing any of ...

متن کامل

Undergraduate Honors Thesis: Testing a library of general-purpose action descriptions

Reasoning about actions and describing changes caused by the execution of these actions is an idea central to common sense reasoning. Action description languages have been developed to specify the effects and preconditions of actions using a logical framework. However, many of these formalisms suffer from a lack of generality and modularity [McCarthy, 1987]. A new Modular Action Description la...

متن کامل

ذخیره در منابع من


  با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید

عنوان ژورنال:
  • Artif. Intell.

دوره 77  شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 1995